Arla Foods’ new dairy plant in England provides ample evidence that necessity is indeed the mother of invention. Head of engineering Soeren Vonsild describes Arla’s necessity this way. “In this dairy, ...

The pharmaceutical industry isn’t becoming less complex or competitive anytime soon. In addition to expiring drug patents, more stringent regulations, and a growing number of manufacturing ...

Batch processing, or batch production, is a scaled-down version of assembly line production. Products are produced in groups instead of in continuous streams as they are on assembly lines. However, ...

(1) Processing a group of files or databases from start to completion rather than having the user open, edit and save each of them one at a time. For example, a graphics conversion utility can change ...

A subsidiary of Swiss company Ferring Pharmaceuticals says they’re among the first to implement electronic batch records (eBR) throughout a biotech manufacturing process. Bio-Technology General (BTG) ...

Julia Kagan is a financial/consumer journalist and former senior editor, personal finance, of Investopedia. Toby Walters is a financial writer, investor, and lifelong learner. He has a passion for ...