Dr Mike McDonagh explains the chemical and physical processes involved in forming lead dioxide and pure lead in lead-acid battery plates.

Unico’s 4-channel, 5-V, 300-A advanced battery-cell formation device enables gigafactories to deliver lithium cells with 50% longer life and higher factory throughput. Producing the millions of ...

HARWELL, UK (3 September 2025) The Faraday Institution has announced a £9 million commitment to build on its application-inspired research programme to deliver the battery innovations of tomorrow. The ...

Step 1: Material Preparation Step 2: Electrode Manufacturing Step 3: Cell Assembly Step 4: Formation & Aging Step 5: Final Testing At each stage, the use of environmental air monitoring, safety ...