As seen in earlier articles, the only two possible states of information for digital electronics are true and false. Be it an electric current, a numeric datum, or a variable of any kind, the system’s ...

The previous article examined the concept of logic gates. They can be made from discrete and active electronic components, although today logic gates are available within integrated circuits. In this ...

Ladder logic uses switch or relay contacts to implement Boolean expressions. In years past, ladder logic was made possible with discrete relays and was sometimes termed “relay logic.” Today most ...

Digital electronic devices form the backbone of modern technology, enabling the processing, storage, and transmission of information using binary signals. These systems, based on semiconductor ...