Confounding bias occurs when the effect of the exposure of interest is misattributed, or confounded, by other extraneous factors, called confounders, which are correlated with both the exposure and ...
The effect of helmet use on reducing the risk of death in cyclists appears to be distorted by some variables (potential confounders, effect modifiers, or both). Our aim was to provide evidence for or ...
Using observed imbalances between study groups (e.g., exposed and unexposed) to determine variables for confounding adjustment in nonrandomized studies may misguide the selection of variables to ...
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