This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they ...

† New-onset migraine was noted in ten patients. ASD: Atrial septal defect; NA: Not assessed; NR: Not reported; PFO: Patent foramen ovale. The following arguments support the hypothesis that ...

A foramen ovale is a hole in the heart. The small hole naturally exists in babies who are still in the womb for fetal circulation. It should close soon after birth. If it doesn’t close, the condition ...

Studies to date have shown an association between the presence of patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke in patients younger than 55 years of age. This association has not been established in ...

Patients with migraine, patent foramen ovale (PFO), and atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) have more frequent ischemic brain lesions, migraine with aura, and larger PFO sizes than patients with migraines ...

A patent foramen ovale is an opening that some adults have between the top two chambers of their hearts. Everyone has this opening early in life, but it often seals during infancy. In some people, ...

Between 25% and 40% of ischemic strokes have no clear cause despite extensive investigation. These "cryptogenic" strokes may in some instances be due to an embolus traveling through a right-to-left ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological foramen diameter, shape and distance between physiological and anatomical apex of maxillary and mandibular first and second molars. Accurate ...

On the bottom of your skull, there is a distinctive hole. The technical name for the opening is the foramen magnum – the “great hole” that the spinal cord and other critical soft tissues run through.

A patent foramen ovale or PFO is a defect in the wall between the two upper chambers of the heart. This defect is actually an incomplete closure of the atrial wall that results in a flap or valve-like ...