Past neuroscience and psychology research has repeatedly demonstrated the crucial role of rewards in how humans and other animals acquire behaviors that promote their survival. Dopaminergic neurons, ...

For almost a century, psychology and neuroscience researchers have been trying to understand the processes via which humans and other animals acquire new skills or learn to deal with specific ...

Through reward-based learning, people learn which actions generate which outcomes in which situations. What happens to human reward-based learning when outcomes are shared? Here we show that learning ...

A new study is challenging one of neuroscience’s most enduring ideas: that the brain’s reward system exists to make us feel good. Instead, researchers argue that it is built to optimize energy.

Determining how environments shape how people learn is central to understanding individual differences in goal-directed behaviour. Studies of the effects of early-life adversity on reward learning ...

At each sampling time instant, one observes system output and action to form discrete-time rewards. The sampled input-output data are collected along the trajectory of the dynamical system in ...

Your ability to remember something involves three phases. There is a learning phase (which psychologists call encoding) in which you encounter some piece of information. There is a retention interval ...